Obstetrics and Gynecology
fatemeh davari tanha; Mojgan Asadi; Faeze Mirbagheri; Elham Feizabad; Zahra kaveh; Kazem Mousavizadeh
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 01 August 2023
Abstract
Background and Objective: Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological condition that affects approximately 10% of women of reproductive age. Chronic pelvic pain is a common symptom of endometriosis and can have a significant impact on a woman's quality of life, including sexual satisfaction. Botulinum toxin ...
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Background and Objective: Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological condition that affects approximately 10% of women of reproductive age. Chronic pelvic pain is a common symptom of endometriosis and can have a significant impact on a woman's quality of life, including sexual satisfaction. Botulinum toxin injection has been used as a treatment for chronic pelvic pain in endometriosis, but its effect on sexual satisfaction is not well understood.Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of botulinum toxin injection on chronic pelvic pain and sexual satisfaction in women with endometriosis. The study included 32 women with endometriosis who were randomly assigned to receive either botulinum toxin injection or placebo. The primary outcome measure was change in chronic pelvic pain assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS) at one month after treatment. Secondary outcome measures included changes in sexual satisfaction assessed using the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) at one month after treatment.Results: The results showed that botulinum toxin injection significantly reduced chronic pelvic pain compared to placebo at one month after treatment (p<0.001). There was also a significant improvement in sexual satisfaction in the botulinum toxin group compared to placebo at one month after treatment (p=0.001). Conclusion: Botulinum toxin injection may be an effective treatment option for women with endometriosis, chronic pelvic pain and sexual dysfunction.This research was also registered with the code IRCT20091012002576N20 in the Clinical Trial Registration Center of Iran. Date of registration performed between July2021and July 2022
Maternal Fetal Medicine
Mahboobeh Shirazi; Fatemeh Rahimi Sharbaf; Fatemeh Golshahi; Behrokh Sahebdel; Elham Feizabad; Leila Asadi; Afsaneh Alimadad-Tafreshi; Arash Jafariyeh; Akram Valizadeh; tayebeh sedighi; Fatemeh Takaloo; Aazam Taghavi-Zahedkalaei
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 09 December 2023
Abstract
Background & Objective: Clinical use of uterine artery (UtA) Doppler ultrasound imaging requires reference values but despite the common use of UtA Doppler examination during pregnancy, to the best of our knowledge, there is no such range for Iranian pregnant women. Hence, this study aimed to investigate ...
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Background & Objective: Clinical use of uterine artery (UtA) Doppler ultrasound imaging requires reference values but despite the common use of UtA Doppler examination during pregnancy, to the best of our knowledge, there is no such range for Iranian pregnant women. Hence, this study aimed to investigate uterine artery Doppler indices in Iranian normal pregnancies and compare these with the other country values.Materials & Methods: This observational longitudinal study was conducted on 486 low-risk pregnant women. The amount of plausibility index (PI) and resistance index (RI) as well as the presence of diastolic notch were assessed in weeks 11 to 14, 17 to 24, and 27 to 32 through Doppler ultrasound. Results: The bilateral notch for the gestational age of 11 to 14 weeks was detected at about 6%, for the gestational age of 17 to 24 weeks it was about 4.2% and for the gestational age of 27 to 32 weeks it was about 3.6%. Reference intervals for mean uterine artery PI according to gestational ages, show a significant (p<0.001) difference between different percentages. Also, there is a significant relation between the mean uterine arteries PI/RI and the presence or absence of pregnancy complications (IUGR, premature birth, IUFD) among the participants. Conclusion: The results of this research showed that there is a significant relation between PI and pregnancy complications, while this was not detected in RI and diastolic notch. These results are relatively consistent with the findings of researchers in other countries.
Maternal Fetal Medicine
Zahra Panahi; Seyedeh Noushin Ghalandarpoor-Attar; Azade Shabani; Mamak Shariat; Fahimeh Ghotbizadeh; Sedigheh Hantoushzadeh; Elham Feizabad; Seyedeh Mojgan Ghalandarpoor-Attar
Volume 7, Issue 6 , September and October 2022, , Pages 536-542
Abstract
Background & Objective: The thymus gland significantly affects fetal immune system maturation. Additionally, there is a linear association between thymus gland size and its performance. Given the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Iran and scarce studies with conflicting results, subjecting ...
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Background & Objective: The thymus gland significantly affects fetal immune system maturation. Additionally, there is a linear association between thymus gland size and its performance. Given the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Iran and scarce studies with conflicting results, subjecting maternal vitamin D concentration effect on fetal thymus, we decided to investigate maternal vitamin D concentration and its relation to fetal thymus size in mid-gestation. This study also aimed to generate a race-specific reference range.Materials & Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of ultrasound measurements of the fetal thymus at 18-22 weeks of gestational age in 94 pregnant women and its correlation with maternal serum vitamin D levels from May to July 2021 at the tertiary center of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran, Iran.Results: The mean values of thymus perimeter, thymus-thoracic ratio, thymus transverse diameter, and thymus area in all participants were 4.18±0.56 cm, 0.37±0.04, 1.56±0.21 cm, and 1.11±0.76 cm2, respectively. There was a trend toward decreased thymus perimeter and transverse thymus diameter with decreasing level of maternal vitamin D. There was also a significant correlation between thymus perimeter and transverse thymus diameter with fetal biometric indices and gestational age. Furthermore, a significant correlation was observed between the thymus perimeter and transverse thymus diameter. Conclusion: We generated a race-specific nomogram for fetal thymus size in Iranian pregnant women. Moreover, the observed trend toward decreased fetal thymus size with decreasing maternal vitamin D levels requires further prospective investigations. A high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and low compliance with daily vitamin D intake during pregnancy was also shown, which requires a solution.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Mahbod Kaveh; Venus Hajaliakbari; Fateme Davari-Tanha; Shokoh Varaei; Mahsa Ghajarzadeh; Elham Feizabad; Mohammad Ali Ashraf; Zahra Kaveh
Volume 7, Issue 2 , September and October 2021, , Pages 69-76
Abstract
Background & Objective: The recent surge in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases has exposed health care workers (HCWs) to a wide range of psychological stressors and predisposed them to anxiety-related disorders. In this study, we observed the anxiety level in this population.Materials & ...
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Background & Objective: The recent surge in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases has exposed health care workers (HCWs) to a wide range of psychological stressors and predisposed them to anxiety-related disorders. In this study, we observed the anxiety level in this population.Materials & Methods: This multicenter, cross-sectional study was performed on 1,038 HCWs in 14 hospitals of Tehran during the COVID-19 pandemic. In May 2020, Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) was used to measure the level of anxiety in this population.Results: The mean±SD age of participants was 36.30±8.23 years old. Most participants were 31 to 40 years old (43.2), female (87.6%), and nurses (49.5%). The BAI scores of the participants were in a positive skew distribution, with a score range of 0-63, a median of 12, and a mean value of 15.30±11.43. Out of 1,038 hospital staff, 411 (39.6%) had moderate to severe anxiety. The anxiety level was significantly higher in HCWs ≤40 years old, women, and nurses. However, there was no significant relationship between stress levels among frontline workers compared to second-line workers (P < /em>=0.82).Conclusion: It seems that HCWs experienced a high level of anxiety in the COVID-19 outbreak. One of the critical measures in every epidemic is to provide supportive care to maintain the mental well-being of HCWs, especially in high-risk groups, including younger HCWs, women, and nurses.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Mona Mohseni; Nasim Shokouhi; Elham Feizabad; Elham Khaghani
Volume 5, Issue 4 , December 2020, , Pages 167-171
Abstract
Background & objective: Pregnancy is a known risk factor for urinary incontinence (UI) due to physiological and anatomical changes, especially in the third trimester of pregnancy. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of UI in the third trimester of pregnancy and its related factors in ...
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Background & objective: Pregnancy is a known risk factor for urinary incontinence (UI) due to physiological and anatomical changes, especially in the third trimester of pregnancy. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of UI in the third trimester of pregnancy and its related factors in pregnant women.Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 330 pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy, referred to the perinatal care clinic of Yas Hospital in 2016-2017. The sampling method was convenience sampling. Then, the prevalence of UI and its related factors were investigated in these participants.Results: The mean age of the subjects was 30±5 years old. Totally, 98 pregnant women (29.7%) had UI. The rate of urine leakage was mild at 26.4% and moderate or severe at 3.3%. The time of urine leakage in 6.4% of women with UI was before reaching the toilet, 1.2% was permanent, 19.4% was related to cough and sneezing, and 2.7% of women did not indicate a specific time. In evaluating the relationship between each of the variables and UI, three factors were identified to be completely related to UI, i.e., morbid obesity (P < /em>=0.038), gestational age between 32 to 37 weeks (P < /em>=0.012), and age ≥ 35 years old (P < /em>=0.009).Conclusion: It seems that one-third of pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy have UI, which is a multifactorial issue and therefore requires multidisciplinary programs to prevent it.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Mehrnaz Valadan; Mohadeseh Mojarad; Elham Feizabad
Volume 5, Issue 3 , November 2020, , Pages 88-92
Abstract
Background & Objective: Hysteroscopy is an impressive diagnostic and therapeutic procedure for uterine cavity abnormalities. There are several methods for cervical preparation prior to hysteroscopy, among which misoprostol (a prostaglandin E1 analog) is the most common. However, misoprostol ...
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Background & Objective: Hysteroscopy is an impressive diagnostic and therapeutic procedure for uterine cavity abnormalities. There are several methods for cervical preparation prior to hysteroscopy, among which misoprostol (a prostaglandin E1 analog) is the most common. However, misoprostol has some side effects, including uterine cramps, vaginal hemorrhage, nausea, vomiting, and fever-like feelings, the severity of which escalates by increasing the dosage. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to compare vaginal misoprostol in two different dosages of 200 and 400 μg with a control group to prescribe the lower dosage of misoprostol in case they were equally effective.Materials & Methods: In this randomized clinical trial study, 87 patients, who had hysteroscopy indications at Yas Hospital, were randomly assigned into three groups (i.e., 200 μg vaginal misoprostol, 400 μg vaginal misoprostol, and placebo). Afterward, the dilatation time of the cervical response and side effects associated with medication and surgery were assessed.Results: The mean dilatation time in the 200 μg misoprostol, 400 μg misoprostol, and placebo groups were 46.7±35.8, 36.8±31.1, and 67.6±49.5 seconds, respectively. These differences were significant (P=0.038). Conclusion: It seems that administering vaginal misoprostol is an easy, effective, and safe procedure for cervical preparation before the hysteroscopy. Considering that increasing the dosage of misoprostol did not significantly change the dilatation time, it is recommended that 200 μg misoprostol be used to reduce the side effects.
